Konsep Ekonomi Teknik

Permasalahan Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Sektor lain membutuhkan perhitungan teknis dan permasalahan teknik membutuhkan perhitungan dan analisis ekonomi. "Ekonomi Teknik" adalah disiplin ilmu yang digunakan untuk menganalisa Aspek-aspek Ekonomis dari usulan investasi yang bersifat teknis. Disebut juga Analisis Ekonomi atau Analisis Keputusan Ekonomi. 

Permasalahan Teknik dan Bisnis melibatkan pada pemilihan lebih dari satu alternatif. Cara paling umum dalam evaluasi alternatif investasi dengan Estimasi Aliran Uang (cash flow) dari masing-masing alternatif. Estimasi aliran kas masih mengandung ketidak pastian dan keputusan dalam ekonomi teknik tidak bisa lepas dari unsur risiko.

Investasi 

Pengusaha mengeluarkan miliaran rupiah untuk mendirikan pabrik baru, seorang manajer membeli lembar saham dengan uang pribadi, seorang ibu rumah tangga menyimpan uang di bank sehingga suatu saat dapat membeli mobil adalah contoh investasi ditinjau dari perspektif investor. Investasi mengandung unsur pengorbanan untuk harapan di masa datang. Dua faktor dalam investasi adalah waktu dan risiko. Dua jenis dalam investasi adalah Investasi Finansial dan Investasi Nyata. Finansial dalam bentuk instrumen keuangan seperti saham, obligasi, dll. Investasi nyata diwujudkan dalam bentuk benda seperti pabrik, tanah dll.

Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Ekonomi Teknik 

Pengambilan keputusan selalu berkaitan dengan penentuan terbaik dari alternatif-alternatif. Terjadi karena investasi atau proyek dapat dikerjakan dengan lebih dari satu cara sehingga ada pemilihan atau karena terbatasnya sumber daya yang tersedia sehingga tidak semua alternatif dapat dikerjakan. Dimulai dari ketidakpuasan terhadap suatu hal dan berakhir dengan rencana untuk memperbaiki ketidakpuasan atau memenuhi kebutuhan tadi.

Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Ekonomi Teknik adalah : 

• Penentuan alternatif-alternatif yang layak.
• Penentuan horison perencanaan.
• Mengestimasikan aliran kas.
• Penentuan MARR (Minimum Attractive Rate of Return).
• Membandingkan alternatif-alternatif.
• Melakukan analisis suplemen.
• Memilih alternatif terbaik.

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Heart as a Financial Management Company

Management in everyday life is very important, because with the management we can arrange all of the activities to be carried out effectively and efficiently. Without the management of our activities in everyday kehiidupan will be irregular.

One example of management in everyday life is the importance of managing our finances. With the financial management, we can arrange financing in our daily lives. If we do not me'manage finances well, then that will happen is a waste of money, use money to buy goods that are not important, and much more. In daily life, financial me'manage should be applied. It is intended that sufficient revenue can be obtained daily life with me'manage expenditure as possible. If financial management is applied in everyday life, there will be excessive and not spending enough of our lives.

Similarly, in the company. Financial management is needed to manage the company's funds so that the company's value can be maximized.

Financial management for the company is a planning, budgeting, inspection, management, control, search and storage of funds held by the organization or company.

Own financial management functions include to make the plan revenue and checkout, and other activities for a certain period, follow-up of financial planning by making details of expenses and income, using company funds to maximize the funds available in many different ways, looking for sources of funds available for corporate activities, collect and store company funds, evaluating and improving the finances and financial systems in paerusahaan, as well as examine the existing corporate finance in order to avoid irregularities.

One example of financial management in companies such as pety cash (petty cash). In this case the company usually uses pety cash for small-scale type of expenditure, which serves to facilitate the company's transactions in small amounts. For example, for the purchase of office supplies such as stationery, photocopy costs, and so forth. And every transaction made by the company, the need for registration to prevent financial irregularities and to each company's financial income and expenses can be controlled and managed properly.

Finance in the office must be properly managed in order to manage all income and expenditure incurred in that office. If the activities of financial me'manage not done, then the firm is likely to suffer losses or bankruptcy. This occurs in the absence of the company's financial records. Financial management is the most important activities in the office, because of finances is the goal of doing office. And to run in office management, companies need to establish a group of employees to cooperate for the attainment of the objectives of the company.

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