Basic elements of Graphic Design

A. Line

A line is a design element that connects the points with a point one point to another point that could shape the image of curved lines (curve) or straight (straight). Line is the basic element for building design and construction forms. In the duni a visual communications often we use the dotted line, solid line, and the dotted line.

B. Shape

Form is anything that has a diameter height and width. Form the basis of a known person is a box (rectangle), circle (circle), and triangle (triangle). On visual communication design betuk we will study the basic and derived. While the categories of nature, can be categorized into three forms, namely:

• Letter (Character) is represented in a visual form that can be used for writing as a representative form of verbal language with direct visual forms, such as A, B, C, etc..
• Symbol (Symbol): that is represented in visual form representing the shape of objects in simple and understandable to the public as a symbol or symbols to describe a form of real objects, such as pictures of people, stars, the sun in its simple form (symbol), not in tangible form (with details).
• Real Form (Form): This form truly reflect the physical condition of an object. As a detailed picture of human, animal or other object.

3. Texture

Texture is the surface appearance of (style) of an object that can be assessed by way of visible or palpable. That in practice, the texture is often categorized as a surface pattern of objects, such as carpet surfaces, clothing, bark, paint walls, paint the canvas, and so forth.

4. Space

Space is the distance between a form with other forms, the practice can be used as a design element to give effect to the dynamics of design aesthetics and graphic design. For example, without a space where you will not know which words and sentences or paragraphs. Without the space you do not know where to be seen first, when to read and when to stop for a while. In identifying the physical form of space is classified into two elements, namely the object (figure) and background (background).

5. Size

Size is another element in the design that defines the size of an object. By using these elements you can create contrast and emphasis (emphasis) on the object of your design so that people will know where to be seen or read first.

6. Color

Color is an important element in the design object. Because the color of the person can show the identity, convey a message or distinguish the nature of the forms of visual shape clearly. In practice can be divided into two colors: the colors are caused by light (Additive Color / RGB), commonly used in the color of lights, monitors, TVs and so on, and the colors are made with the elements of ink or paint (Substractive color / CMYK) that commonly used in the printing process the image into the surface of solid objects such as paper, metal, cloth or plastic. Articles with Indonesian

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Understanding the Basic Principles of Graphic Design

Graphic design principles are:

1. Simplicity

Many experts recommend that the principles of "Graphic Design" is the design work. It is quite logical for the sake of convenience of the reader understand the content of the message. In the use of a news letter for instance. Letters the title (headline), subheads and body message (body text) should not use type fonts and njilimet ornamental, such as blackletter font that is difficult to read. Graphic designers are also commonly refer to this as the KISS principle (Keep It Simple Stupid). This principle can be applied with the use of elements of free space (white space) and not using too many elements of accessories. Only as needed.

2. Balance

Balance is a state or a similarity between the forces facing each other and create a visually balanced impression. Balance principle there are two, namely: the balance of formal (symmetrical) and informal balance.

Gives the impression of a perfect balance of formal, official, strong, confident and prestigious. Formal balance also touched on consistency in the use of various design elements. Such wana logo. In the design business card design is made with full color (F / C). But with consideration for the design of more varied and not boring, then the media of different designs you create duotone color logo. Well, in this case, the idea of ​​design variations should not be necessary. What if the logo is the logo of a product item. Consistency is also very necessary as the impression identity attached to a product brand. We do not want consumers to remember the product being sold. While the informal balance of useful produce a visual impression of a dynamic, free, loose, pop, leaving a rigid attitude, and postmodernists.

To create a balance:

• Periodically repeat a particular form, either vertically or horizontally.
• Central element on the page.
• Placing several small visuals in one area to balance a large block of an image or text.
• Use one or two odd shapes and makes the usual form.
• Lightening the text-heavy pieces with bright, colorful visuals.
• Leave a lot of space around blocks of text or an image dark.
• Offset big, dark photographs or illustrations with a few small pieces of text, each surrounded by a lot of space.

3. Unity

Unity is the cohesion, consistency, unity or wholeness, which is the main content of the composition. An example is the illustration, and text are given raster line that gives the impression of unity of the message.

To create unity:

• Use only one or two typestyles and different size or weight to contrast all publications, presentations, or web sites.
• Consistent with the font type, size, and style for titles, subheads, captions, headers, footers, etc. in all publications, presentations, or web sites.
• Using the same color palette throughout.
• Repeat color, shape, or different textures throughout the region.
• Choose visuals that share similar colors, theme, or form.
• Line up the same images and text with the grid lines.

4. Emphasis (accent)

The emphasis is intended to attract the attention of the reader, so he wanted to see and read the design in question. If in the context of this paper the design can be done with a raster box on the news. This will impress the importance of the story to be read by the reader. Or also raise the size of the letters in the headline, so it looks much different than other news. Emphasis is also done through the loop size, and the contrast between the texture, tone color, line, space, shape or motif.

To create emphasis:

• Use a series of evenly spaced, square next to the picture outlined images with unusual shapes.
• Put an important part of the text on a curved or angle while keeping all other types in a straight column.
• Use bold, black headline and subheads types of light and many other texts for all text.
• A big place in a small bit of text next to images.
• Reverse (use the white kind) are the main from a black or a colored box.
• Use an unusual color or font type of the most important for the information.
• Put the list you want to highlight in a shaded box in the sidebar.

5. Rhythm (reps)

Rhythm is the repetition of elements supporting artwork. Cadence is the difference between the two being located in space, similar to the time interval between two successive tones of the same music. Graphic design emphasis on interval or void space or distance between objects. For example, the distance antarkolom. The distance between the text of the paper, the distances between the 10 images on one page and so forth. \

To create a rhythm:

• Repeat a number of elements of similar shape, even with the white space between each, to create a regular rhythm.
• Repeat the circuit the greater the larger elements with white space between each progressive rhythms.
• Alternative dark, bold and light, thin kind.
• Alternative dark pages (with many types of graphs or dark) with light page (with fewer species and colored graphics).
• Repeating the same form in different areas of a layout.
• Repeat the same elements in the same position on every page of the printed publications such as newsletters.

6. Proportion (Proportion)

Proportion of the basic principles of governance, including a way to obtain harmony. To obtain the necessary harmony in a work of comparison - the comparison is appropriate. It basically is a comparison of mathematical proportions in a field. Divine Proportion (The Golden Mean) is the proportion of the most popular and used until now in the works of art to architecture. These proportions using Fibonacci series of numbers that have a ratio of 1:1,618, often also used 8: 13. It is said that this proportion is the ratio found in natural objects, including the size of the structure of the human body so that it counts the proportion handed down by God Himself. In the design of this proportion can be seen in a comparison of paper sizes and page layouts.

Article Source: Coloring The Global Future. Articles with Indonesian

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